{"id":14341,"date":"2024-12-02T14:16:42","date_gmt":"2024-12-02T14:16:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?p=14341"},"modified":"2026-03-06T11:59:43","modified_gmt":"2026-03-06T11:59:43","slug":"curse-of-the-black-gold","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/?p=14341","title":{"rendered":"Curse Of The Black Gold: 50 Years Of Oil In The Niger Delta"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Curse of the Black Gold - Trailer, \u00a9Talking Eyes Media\" width=\"980\" height=\"735\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HjhDH76BvCs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-unset-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/ftt-ladybird-geoblogs.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-135\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"><strong>followthethings.com<\/strong><br><a href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?page_id=329\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"329\">Home &amp; Auto<\/a><br><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons has-custom-font-size is-horizontal is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-bc275726 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\" style=\"font-size:10px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-cyan-bluish-gray-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=2008\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">2008<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--3\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=shell\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">SHELL<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--4\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=chevron\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">CHEVRON<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--5\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=elf\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">ELF<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--6\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=agip\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">AGIP<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--7\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-vivid-red-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=oil\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">CRUDE OIL<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--8\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-black-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=origin-nigeria\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">SOURCED IN NIGERIA<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--9\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-black-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=destination-worldwide\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">USED WORLDWIDE<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--10\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-vivid-purple-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=publication\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">NONFICTION BOOK<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--11\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-vivid-purple-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=photography\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">PHOTOGRAPHS<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--12\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=show-capitalist-evils\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">SHOW CAPITALIST EVILS<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--13\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=TELL-THE-TRUTH\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">TELL THE TRUTH<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--14\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=TEACH-ECONOMIC-GEOGRAPHY\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">TEACH ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--15\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=start-somewhere-different\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">START SOMEWHERE DIFFERENT<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--16\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=start-with-a-paradox\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">START WITH A PARADOX<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--17\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=make-the-hidden-visible\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">MAKE THE HIDDEN VISIBLE<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--18\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=join-with-others\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">JOIN WITH OTHERS<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--19\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=target-the-right-brand\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">TARGET THE RIGHT BRANDS<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--20\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=humanise-workers\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">HUMANISE WORKERS<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--21\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=embody-exploitation\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">EMBODY EXPLOITATION<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--22\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=make-it-familiar\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">MAKE IT FAMILIAR<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--23\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=make-it-beautiful\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">MAKE IT BEAUTIFUL<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--24\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=PLAY-WITH-BRANDING\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">PLAY WITH BRANDING<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--25\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=make-it-provocative\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">MAKE IT PROVOCATIVE<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--26\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/?tag=stage-a-qa\" style=\"border-radius:5px;font-size:12px\">STAGE A Q&amp;A<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f6f0ec\">&#8220;<strong>Curse Of The Black Gold: 50 Years Of Oil In The Niger Delta<\/strong>&#8220;<br>A coffee-table book featuring the photos of Ed Kashi, edited by Michael Watts for Powerhouse.<br>Video promotion embedded above. Preview &amp; borrow <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/curseofblackgold0000kash\/page\/230\/mode\/2up\">here<\/a>. Search online to buy <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=buy+%22curse+of+the+black+gold%22+kashi+watts&amp;client=firefox-b-d&amp;sca_esv=b7414eef6243bef6&amp;ei=zcRNZ-3uNviBhbIPnLKE8As&amp;ved=0ahUKEwitifvBpomKAxX4QEEAHRwZAb4Q4dUDCA8&amp;uact=5&amp;oq=buy+%22curse+of+the+black+gold%22+kashi+watts&amp;gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiKWJ1eSAiY3Vyc2Ugb2YgdGhlIGJsYWNrIGdvbGQiIGthc2hpIHdhdHRzSK8YUN0QWOoUcAJ4AJABAJgBZKABpwOqAQM0LjG4AQPIAQD4AQGYAgKgAgbCAgsQABiABBiwAxiiBJgDAIgGAZAGApIHATKgB7wE&amp;sclient=gws-wiz-serp\">here<\/a>. <br><br>Photojournalist Ed Kashi visits the oilfields of the Niger Delta to document the consequences of 50 years of oil extraction on people and environment. His photographs are published in a book edited by geographer Michael Watts containing essays by prominent Nigerian journalists and human rights activists, and Watts himself. It looks and feels like a coffee table book: hardback, large glossy photos, and text. It&#8217;s a thing of beauty, but its subject matter is very far from beautiful. Why is it that The Niger Delta is such a &#8216;hell-hole&#8217; of poverty, conflict and environmental destruction when it could be as wealthy as Kuwait? Kashi travels through this dangerous area with armed rebel groups and takes photos of workers wearing uniforms with familiar oil company logos. Kashi wants to open the public&#8217;s eyes about this scramble for oil in Nigeria. He wants them to feel the emotions that he felt when looking these oil workers in the eye. He creates the book, a short promo film to post in YouTube, and gives talks about it. With the murder of local activist Ken Saro-Wiwa, this place and this industry is all over the news. But seeing this up close, in page after page of large and lush colour photographs can &#8211; he believes &#8211; change people&#8217;s minds. But what happens when people do? Are the photos so shocking that they prompt people into action, or into despair? And who bears the responsibility for the unfolding chaos and exploitation in the Niger Delta &#8211; the oil companies, the local and national politicians in Nigeria, the foreign governments who support both, oil consumers? Yes. All of them. And Kashi&#8217;s photographs &#8211; along with Watts&#8217; essays &#8211; help to fuel debates about these issues amongst readers in university classes and beyond. There&#8217;s something uniquely provocative about coffee-table book trade justice activism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Page reference: Alice Goodbrook, Jack Middleton, Luke Pickard, Jessica Plumb, Emma Rowe &amp; Megan Wheatley (2011) <em>Pipe Trouble<\/em>. followthethings.com\/curse-of-the-black-gold.shtml (last accessed &lt;insert date here&gt;)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Estimated reading time: 21 minutes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>36 comments<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Descriptions<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-dark-grayscale\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>This book exposes the reality of oil\u2019s impact and the absence of sustainable development in its wake, providing a compelling pictorial history of one of the world\u2019s great deltaic areas (Source: Kashi &amp; Watts 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/motherjones.com\/photoessays\/2008\/10\/curse-black-gold-niger-delta\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-blue-red\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>As the mammoth oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico now places our petroleum consumption under closer scrutiny, it\u2019s somewhat serendipitous that photojournalist Ed Kashi\u2019s book exposing one of the longest running oil disasters in history should go into second print \u2026 Nigeria\u2019s much-heralded role as one of the world\u2019s top oil suppliers has a dark underbelly that isn\u2019t often reported (Source: Meyer 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amateurphotographer.co.uk\/features\/Ed_Kashi_talks_to_Jeff_Meyer_features_302970.html\">link<\/a>).&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-blue-orange\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>This oversized pictorial work documents the consequences of 50 years of oil exploration and production in Nigeria, the sixth-largest oil producer in the world. Editor Watts (geography, Univ. of California, Berkeley) provides an introductory essay documenting Nigeria\u2019s oil interests and the resulting environmental degradation, poverty, corruption, and community conflicts that have plagued the region. Other essays written by prominent Nigerian journalists and human rights activists bear witness to the ongoing struggles of local communities, illustrating the paradox of poverty in the midst of massive oil revenues. Accompanying the essays are powerful photographs by photojournalist Kashi that capture local leaders, armed militants, oil workers, and nameless villagers, all of whose fates are inextricably linked (Source: Anon nd, np <a href=\"http:\/\/search.barnesandnoble.com\/Curse-Of-The-Black-Gold\/Ed-Kashi\/e\/9781576874264\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-purple-yellow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p><em>Curse of the Black Gold<\/em>&nbsp;&#8230; traces the 50-year history of Nigeria\u2019s oil interests and the resulting environmental degradation and community conflicts that have plagued the region. &#8230; set against a backdrop of what has been called the scramble for African oil, Curse of the Black Gold is the first body of work to document the consequences of a half-century of oil exploration and production in one of the world\u2019s foremost centers of biodiversity, the Niger Delta (Source: Anon 2010a, np <a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.co.uk\/books?id=AxejQwAACAAJ&amp;dq=curse+of+the+black+gold&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=ZXHITKayLMLqOcHS9fAI&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=1&amp;bed=OCC4Q6AEwAA\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-small-font-size is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>+4 comments<\/summary>\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-grayscale\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>Someone might buy <em>Curse of the Black Gold<\/em> for its essays. &#8230; More likely, though, readers will learn just as much or more from Ed Kashi\u2019s photographs of this troubled region (Source: Lang 2008, np).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-blue-red\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>Ed Kashi\u2019s photographs bear witness to the ongoing struggles of local communities, illustrating the paradox of poverty in the midst of plenty. They capture local leaders, armed militants, oil workers, and nameless villagers, all of whose fates are inextricably linked\u2026 His exclusive coverage bears witness to the frustrated expectations, widespread indignation and unprecedented restiveness between the local communities and oil companies on the one hand, and the State and Federal Governments on the other. The result has been a general deterioration of both political and social cohesion (Source: Anon 2010b, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/culture\/photography\/7400721\/Curse-of-the-Black-Gold.html\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-blue-orange\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>Ed Kashi&#8217;s most recent book, <em>Curse of the Black Gold: 50 Years of Oil in the Niger Delta<\/em> (also a story for National Geographic), investigates the impact of oil production on the local population. At his talk, Ed stated up front that this was one of the most graphic examples of economic injustice he had ever witnessed. Why was the Niger Delta such a hellhole, when it should be as prosperous as Kuwait City? The delta has no running water, no education, and most puzzling of all, no electricity. How is it that the oil-producing heart of the world&#8217;s sixth-largest oil supplier could have no electricity? Hundreds of dollars worth of oil are pumped out every day, but the lakes are so polluted that no one can fish anymore. Niger Delta oil brings in $2.2 million a day, while residents live on $1 a day (Source: Krist 2008, np <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.nationalgeographic.com\/blogs\/photography\/fotoweekdc\/2008\/11\/when-is-objectivity-not-enough.html\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-midnight\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>Reprinted in the book are a series of e-mails Kashi exchanged with a leader of an armed rebel group as he tried to negotiate access and ensure his own safety. The book ends with several photos Kashi took while traveling with fighters, including a scene of them burying one of their own who was just killed in a military attack. Just as disturbing, somehow, are images of workers inspecting oil drills and cleaning up spills, their uniforms emblazoned with the familiar logos of your neighborhood gas stations (Source: Lang 2008, np).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:41px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Inspiration \/ Technique \/ Process \/ Methodology<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-blue-orange\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>It was the strident dichotomy between resources and poverty that fed Ed Kashi\u2019s need to return again and again to the Niger Delta region to capture images of the people living on or near oil-rich property that has regularly been appropriated for state use over the last fifty years (Source: Ouvry 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/janera.com\/2010\/03\/18\/curse-of-the-black-gold-ed-kashi\/\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-grayscale\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>[Kashi] spent three years compiling his photos of the Niger Delta, making a total of five trips to the troubled region (Source: Knight 2009, np&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2009\/WORLD\/europe\/10\/13\/pictet.photos.shortlist.2009\/index.html#cnnSTCText\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-purple-yellow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>Kashi says he strove to create powerful images that would grab public attention and tell the story of what is happening in the Niger Delta (Source: Anon 2008, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/templates\/story\/story.php?storyId=92776755\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-midnight\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>I take on issues that stir my passions about the state of humanity and our world, and I deeply believe in the power of still images to change people\u2019s minds. I\u2019m driven by this fact; that the work of photojournalists and documentary photographers can have a positive impact on the world&nbsp;(Source: Kashi in Meszarovits nd, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.humanitarianphotos.com\/links.htm\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-small-font-size is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>+4 comments<\/summary>\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-grayscale\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>My research was initially through reading materials from research, NGOs and media to get up to speed with my understanding and knowledge of the place and it\u2019s particular issues. But once I went there things really kicked in for me and I became impassioned by what I witnessed. The economic injustice, environmental degradation and evidence of oil\u2019s terrible legacy on the people of the region is what got me hooked. And through Prof Watts\u2019 contacts I was able to enter a very tricky and dangerous environment to work in as a visual journalist with a greater degree of protection, guidance and thereby access. The Niger Delta is truly one of the hardest places in the world I\u2019ve ever worked and the complexities and tensions make it a daunting task for the outsider to get in deep and truly gain an understanding of what\u2019s going on there. I was able to bridge that potential chasm through my persistence, dedication, hard work and the invaluable assistance and guidance of my Nigerian colleagues\u2026still images continue to be powerful forms of communication and enlightenment. Mixing still imagery with moving imagery, audio, graphics, ambient sound, music and most importantly the voice of our subjects is exhilarating and has only enhanced our abilities as visual storytellers to tell our stories in new, dynamic ways that can reach broader audiences and break the space logjam that print media has always forced our work into (Source: Kashi in Laurent 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bjp-online.com\/british-journal-of-photography\/q-and-a\/1720326\/vii-photos-ed-kashi-we-change-consume\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-purple-yellow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>I wanted to take a look at what is the impact of this, and what I found is that 50 years of oil in the Niger Delta has brought ruin to the environment. It has brought ruin to the progress of\u2026 it has held back development in this area, what was a poor area of Nigeria is certainly the poorest area. I mean how ironic that something like 85 to 90 percent of the wealth, of the economic wealth of the Nigerian federal government, comes from this region, and yet it\u2019s the poorest part of the country&nbsp;(Source: Kashi in Ryan 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/projectavalon.net\/lang\/en\/ed_kashi_curse_of_the_black_gold_en.html\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-midnight\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>Ed admitted that when he began shooting the story, he blamed the oil companies, but came to find that the government was an even greater culprit. And as the US takes 50% of their oil, we&#8217;re not blameless either (Source: Krist 2008, np <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.nationalgeographic.com\/blogs\/photography\/fotoweekdc\/2008\/11\/when-is-objectivity-not-enough.html\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-blue-orange\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>Two recent [<em>National Geographic] Live!<\/em> events &#8230; featured photographers Ed Kashi and Mattias Klum, both of whom persuasively use their images to incite their audiences to take action \u2026 It\u2019s not enough to publish the work, even for a National Geographic audience of 30 or 40 million people, and walk away. [Kashi] promotes the idea of using photographic coverage to raise awareness, and empower other advocates for your cause. He has partnered with academics \u2026 to create toolkits for teachers and for activists, and to create websites with links spelling out what anyone can do to get involved\u2026 [to] give his subjects a voice, so that viewers can hear their intonations and the way they express themselves (Source: Krist 2008, np<a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.nationalgeographic.com\/blogs\/photography\/fotoweekdc\/\"> link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:41px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><strong>Discussion \/ Responses<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-blue-orange\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>Full of stunning pictures, with concise but powerful text, this book is both breath taking and heart breaking (Source: Boeyr 2009, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Curse-Black-Gold-Years-Niger\/product-reviews\/1576875474\/ref=cm_cr_dp_all_helpful?ie=UTF8&amp;showViewpoints=1&amp;sortBy=bySubmissionDateDescending\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-purple-green\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>The images are really powerful \u2026It\u2019s just really easy to get lost in our own bubble sometimes and forget how much suffering and exploitation goes on to feed our fast lives (Source: citisven 2008, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailykos.com\/story\/2008\/6\/25\/540875\/-%28consume%29-LESS,-We-Can%21\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-midnight\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>What a crying shame. &#8230; thanks for bringing this to us \u2026 for I was totally unaware \u2026 what is it that we can do individually to help in some way? Bombard our elected officials with emails. \u2026. calls and letters? Stop purchasing gas from said oil companies? Pray \u2026 send love &#8230; light &#8230; wishes of enlightenment to all \u2026 in hopes of raising the consciousness level to a higher vibration and rid us of this evil plight? (Source: Freedom 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/projectavalon.net\/forum4\/showthread.php?4205-CURSE-OF-THE-BLACK-GOLD-what-s-really-happening-in-the-Niger-Delta\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-dark-grayscale\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>Once again many thanks for the enlightenment, I imagine like many others I had no idea of this terrible disaster for the citizens of the Niger Delta. It seems even though I gather my news online through world news organizations, we are never told the full story \u2026 Perhaps it\u2019s the time to pose the question: do we really need crude oil and the products thereof to sustain life as we know it? (Source: Parslow 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/projectavalon.net\/forum4\/showthread.php?4205-CURSE-OF-THE-BLACK-GOLD-what-s-really-happening-in-the-Niger-Delta\">link<\/a>).&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-small-font-size is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>+9 comments<\/summary>\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-purple-green\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>Ujue nimeiangalia hii kitu kama mara tatu hivi\u2026 lakini nashindwa kujizuia kuuliza: Hivi, mbona hii ishu haiko CNN au vyombo vingine vya habari vya kimataifa? 40 years?? Years??? [Translation via <a href=\"http:\/\/translation.conveythis.com\/Swahili\/\">Convey This<\/a>: Note I have watched this thing like three times \u2026 but can not avoid asking: What, why is not this ishu CNN or other international media? 40 years?? Years???] (Source: SN 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/vijana.fm\/2010\/07\/09\/the-curse-of-the-black-gold\/\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-midnight\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>I used to live in Nigeria when I was a kid, and your little film was very powerful and had a very strong impact on me (Source: Ryan 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/projectavalon.net\/lang\/en\/ed_kashi_curse_of_the_black_gold_en.html\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-dark-grayscale\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>I just returned from working in Port Harcourt for several months. This is a very graphic book from people who were able to penetrate the heart of the Niger Delta with pictures that very few people would otherwise be able to see (Source: expat 2008, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Curse-Black-Gold-Years-Niger\/product-reviews\/1576875474\/ref=cm_cr_dp_all_helpful?ie=UTF8&amp;showViewpoints=1&amp;sortBy=bySubmissionDateDescending\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-blue-red\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>We were shocked, awed, enlightened and impressed.&nbsp; As his images and multimedia presentations were projected up on the screen, we were continually impressed; his images are amazing\u2026Ed Kashi\u2019s work is very real, the people in his photographs are almost tangible, their emotion and essence seem to leap off the screen or paper. This sincerity and candidness made the presentation extra-emotional as you felt like you were witnessing the injustices in Nigeria first hand\u2026 you could see the shock and awe on the faces of the audience, sometimes accompanied by gasps and whispers\u2026Ed Kashi\u2019s work is as real as it gets, on the ground, candid images of real people with real lives and his photographs are outstandingly good at portraying real life, when looking at an Ed Kashi image you know you are looking into the eyes of a real person in a real place in the very same world as yourself\u2026he wants his work to be the closest thing to seeing it firsthand, he wants the viewer to feel the same emotions as he did when he witnessed the actual event and met the real people (Source: kkskier7 2008, np <a href=\"http:\/\/kkskier7.wordpress.com\/2008\/12\/06\/ed-kashi-lecture-gallery-review\/\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-blue-orange\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>But apart from the sight of militants waving their guns, the pictures seem to create a kind of passiveness, a despair and inevitability about the situation. The photographs leave you with no sense of resistance. For this you will need to read the supporting text, stories and short essays by women, environmentalists, youth workers and writers who provide historical and contemporary context and depth to the documentary which was produced at the height of the militant movement in 2008\u2026One aspect that Kashi has not dealt with sufficiently is the huge presence of Nigerian security forces in the region, which can only be described as an \u2018occupying force\u2019. This pre-dates the militancy and goes as far back as the beginning of the 1990s. I understand this omission, as taking photographs of the military in action would have put his life in danger and most definitely it would have reduced his chances of returning to the country to continue his work. However, at least some narrative on militarisation could have been included to provide a more holistic account of what is taking place (Source: Ekine 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pambazuka.org\/en\/category\/books\/67335\/print\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-purple-green\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>\u2018Photography has the power of changing everything. I hope your report can put some pressure in the oil companies and allies of the Nigerian gov\u2019: Marisolmx \/ \u2026\u2019the photography is the starting point, not the end, as a means to engage, educate and share meaningful discussions to encourage better transparency and living conditions for the Deltans\u2019: fotoboogie (Source: comments on Kashi 2004, np<a href=\"http:\/\/www.foto8.com\/new\/online\/photo-stories\/1124-curse-of-the-black-gold\"> link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-midnight\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>Never mind peak oil, let\u2019s drill, squeeze and milk that peak so hard, we\u2019ll shoot that little pimple of a problem all the way to the year 2015 where it\u2019ll erupt all over our children. Oh, wait, 2015 is not even a generation away \u2013 never mind, just fill up my hummer\u2026 it seems neither fair nor particularly progressive-minded to obliterate entire ecosystems, cultures, and social fabrics in places like the Niger Delta while we\u2019re driving our pick-ups and vanagons to pristine beaches for a nice day of surfing\u2026 The real, paradigm-changing question, however, is this: \u201cShould we keep drilling furiously until there\u2019s no more, or slow the pace while there\u2019s still some left?\u201d \u2026it is our responsibility to counter by broadening the debate and raising the level of consciousness on this issue (Source: citisven 2008, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailykos.com\/story\/2008\/6\/25\/540875\/-%28consume%29-LESS,-We-Can%21\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-dark-grayscale\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>After reading an article on the unrest in the Niger delta, some friends and I were discussing the problems associated with the enormous gas flares. Given that there are generators on the market right now that can operate directly on wellhead\u2026they are relatively affordable, and would pay for themselves in electricity, I wonder that there has not been incentive for the oil companies to install them (Source: Herzbach 2008, np <a href=\"http:\/\/curseoftheblackgold.blogspot.com\/2008\/06\/great-idea-from-reader.html\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-blue-red\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>It is critical to make the connection between the consumers and the producers of energy and to educate people about how both are jointly responsible for the future of our energy resources\u2026 The planet and its citizenry have never been in greater need of the worlds energy consumers to understand the injustices and dismal environmental and human impacts of our current global energy economy (Source: Kashi nd, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.viiphoto.com\/detailStory.php?news_id=1145\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:41px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Outcomes \/ Impacts<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-blue-red\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>In some small way, we hope that The Curse of the Black Gold may contribute to a better and deeper understanding of what it will take to defuse and rebuild the violent economies of the Niger Delta (Source: Watts 2008, p.20 <a href=\"http:\/\/geography.berkeley.edu\/ProjectsResources\/ND%20Website\/NigerDelta\/WP\/18-Watts.pdf\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-purple-green\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>As a result of his work, Kashi says that his photos are now being used by universities and NGOs to raise awareness to try and effect change. To him, this has been one of the most gratifying and exciting by-products of his work (Source: Knight 2009, np&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2009\/WORLD\/europe\/10\/13\/pictet.photos.shortlist.2009\/index.html#cnnSTCText\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-purple-yellow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>George Eastman House International Museum of Photography and Film [New York] presents National Geographic photojournalist Ed Kashi\u2019s images of oil exploitation in Africa\u2019s Niger Delta, in the powerful exhibition Curse of the Black Gold: 50 Years of Oil in the Niger Delta. The display of 37 photographs, on view now through Sept. 1, takes a graphic look at the profound cost of oil exploitation in West Africa (Source: Anon 2008, np <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.myspace.com\/index.cfm?fuseaction=blog.view&amp;friendId=135641509&amp;blogId=405480920#ixzz143ZIjaiG\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-grayscale\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>[<em>Curse of the Black Gold<\/em>] is sold out and being reprinted as we speak. We are making a second edition, soft cover, so it will be slightly cheaper and easier for students to carry around (Source: Laurent 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bjp-online.com\/british-journal-of-photography\/q-and-a\/1720326\/vii-photos-ed-kashi-we-change-consume\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-small-font-size is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>+3 comments<\/summary>\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-blue-orange\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>That is a step in the right direction. And I\u2019m heartened and humbled if my work can have even the tiniest, tiniest bit of impact or be utilized to educate and move forward legislation, because ultimately that\u2019s what this is about: how do we effect change? Because, when I look at my profession of photojournalism, which, I\u2019ve been told for a decade now, is dying and is becoming irrelevant\u2026 I don\u2019t believe that, because the power of the image continues to impact people. And, also, I think the essence of photojournalism is to make the world a better place (Source: Anon 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/projectavalon.net\/lang\/en\/ed_kashi_curse_of_the_black_gold_en.html\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-purple-yellow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>We MUST change the way we consume. Every day I see how our societies, particularly in America, waste, waste and unthinkingly waste resource. Having spent time in developing countries, I\u2019ve learned to see this waste and understand why people here do not and just take it for granted. We must move ahead in developing alternative sources of energy, we must pay attention to the cars we drive, or if we should drive instead of walking or taking public transportation (Source: Kashi in Laurent 2010, np <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bjp-online.com\/british-journal-of-photography\/q-and-a\/1720326\/vii-photos-ed-kashi-we-change-consume\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:7.99%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border wp-duotone-grayscale\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/follow-the-things.onyx-sites.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:43px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04.png 868w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-17.49.04-768x772.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:92.01%\">\n<p>How YOU Can Help\u2026People often ask how they can help, and here are two links that can help answer this important question. You can become well versed in the current issues by listening to a Webcast about H.R. 6066 \u2026 [and] you can take a look at Oxfam\u2019s website (Source: Kashi 2008, np <a href=\"http:\/\/curseoftheblackgold.blogspot.com\/search?updated-max=2008-07-07T10%3A00%3A00-07%3A00&amp;max-results=50\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:41px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background has-normal-font-size\" style=\"background-color:#f8f2ee\">Compiled by Alice Goodbrook, Jack Middleton, Luke Pickard, Jessica Plumb, Emma Rowe and Megan Wheatley, edited by Ian Cook (last updated March 2011). Page created as part of the \u2018Geographies of material culture\u2019 module at the University of Exeter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Sources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Anon (nd) Overview: Curse of the black gold.<em> barnesandnoble.com<\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/search.barnesandnoble.com\/Curse-Of-The-Black-Gold\/Ed-Kashi\/e\/9781576874264\">http:\/\/search.barnesandnoble.com\/Curse-Of-The-Black-Gold\/Ed-Kashi\/e\/9781576874264<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Anon (2008) Documenting the paradox of oil, poverty in Nigeria.<em> npr.org<\/em> 6 July (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/templates\/story\/story.php?storyId=92776755\">www.npr.org\/templates\/story\/story.php?storyId=92776755<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Anon (2010a) Curse of the black gold: 50 years of oil in the Niger Delta. <em>books.google.co.uk<\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.co.uk\/books?id=AxejQwAACAAJ&amp;dq=curse+of+the+black+gold&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=ZXHITKayLMLqOcHS9fAI&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=1&amp;bed=OCC4Q6AEwAA\">http:\/\/books.google.co.uk\/books?id=AxejQwAACAAJ&amp;dq=curse+of+the+black+gold<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Anon (2010b) Curse of the black gold. <em>The Telegraph<\/em> (UK) 8 March (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/culture\/photography\/7400721\/Curse-of-the-Black-Gold.html\">www.telegraph.co.uk\/culture\/photography\/7400721\/Curse-of-the-Black-Gold.html<\/a> last accessed 8 march 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-small-font-size is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>+31 sources<\/summary>\n<p>Boeyr, M. (2009) Amazing book (Curse of the Black Gold customer review).<em> Amazon.com<\/em> 31 March (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Curse-Black-Gold-Years-Niger\/product-reviews\/1576875474\/ref=cm_cr_dp_all_helpful?ie=UTF8&amp;showViewpoints=1&amp;sortBy=bySubmissionDateDescending\">www.amazon.com\/Curse-Black-Gold-Years-Niger\/product-reviews\/1576875474\/ref=cm_cr_dp_all_helpful?ie=UTF8&amp;showViewpoints=1&amp;sortBy=bySubmissionDateDescending<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>citisven (2008) (consume) LESS, We Can! <em>Daily Kos<\/em> 25 June (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailykos.com\/story\/2008\/6\/25\/540875\/-%28consume%29-LESS,-We-Can\">http:\/\/www.dailykos.com\/story\/2008\/6\/25\/540875\/-%28consume%29-LESS,-We-Can<\/a>! 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Clark, V. (2008) This is outstanding! (Curse of the Black Gold customer review). <em>Amazon.com<\/em> 31 March (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Curse-Black-Gold-Years-Niger\/product-reviews\/1576875474\/ref=cm_cr_dp_all_helpful?ie=UTF8&amp;showViewpoints=1&amp;sortBy=bySubmissionDateDescending\">www.amazon.com\/Curse-Black-Gold-Years-Niger\/product-reviews\/1576875474\/ref=cm_cr_dp_all_helpful?ie=UTF8&amp;showViewpoints=1&amp;sortBy=bySubmissionDateDescending<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ekine, S. (2010) Capturing poverty and exploitation: Niger Delta\u2019s oil.<em> Pambazuka News<\/em> 29 September (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pambazuka.org\/en\/category\/books\/67335\/print\">http:\/\/www.pambazuka.org\/en\/category\/books\/67335\/print<\/a> last accessed 2 November 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>expat (2008) Great book! (Curse of the Black Gold customer review). <em>Amazon.com<\/em> 31 March (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Curse-Black-Gold-Years-Niger\/product-reviews\/1576875474\/ref=cm_cr_dp_all_helpful?ie=UTF8&amp;showViewpoints=1&amp;sortBy=bySubmissionDateDescending\">www.amazon.com\/Curse-Black-Gold-Years-Niger\/product-reviews\/1576875474\/ref=cm_cr_dp_all_helpful?ie=UTF8&amp;showViewpoints=1&amp;sortBy=bySubmissionDateDescending<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Freedom (2010) Re: CURSE OF THE BLACK GOLD : what&#8217;s really happening in the Niger Delta.<em> projectavalon.net <\/em>22 July (<a href=\"http:\/\/projectavalon.net\/forum4\/showthread.php?4205-CURSE-OF-THE-BLACK-GOLD-what-s-really-happening-in-the-Niger-Delta\">http:\/\/projectavalon.net\/forum4\/showthread.php?4205-CURSE-OF-THE-BLACK-GOLD-what-s-really-happening-in-the-Niger-Delta<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Games, D. (2010) AfricaL oil is a far cry from being continent\u2019s curse. allAfrica.com 11 October (<a href=\"http:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201010110934.html\">http:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201010110934.html<\/a> last accessed 8 March 20110<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Halstead, D. (2008) Curse of the black gold: photographs by Ed Kashi. <em>Digital Journalist<\/em> August (<a href=\"http:\/\/digitaljournalist.org\/issue0808\/kashi.html\">http:\/\/digitaljournalist.org\/issue0808\/kashi.html<\/a> last accessed 31 October 2010)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Herzbach, J. (2008) Great idea from a reader.<em> curseoftheblackgold.blogspot.com<\/em> 25 June (<a href=\"http:\/\/curseoftheblackgold.blogspot.com\/2008\/06\/great-idea-from-reader.html\">http:\/\/curseoftheblackgold.blogspot.com\/2008\/06\/great-idea-from-reader.html<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>irishboy369 (2010) Curse of the Black Gold &#8211; Trailer, \u00a9Talking Eyes Media (comment). <em>YouTube.com<\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=HjhDH76BvCs\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=HjhDH76BvCs<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kashi, E. (nd) Curse of the black gold: 50 years of oil in the NIger Delta. <em>viiphoto.com<\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.viiphoto.com\/detailStory.php?news_id=1145\">www.viiphoto.com\/detailStory.php?news_id=1145<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kashi, E. (2004) Curse of the black gold.<em> foto8.com<\/em> 4 March (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.foto8.com\/new\/online\/photo-stories\/1124-curse-of-the-black-gold\">www.foto8.com\/new\/online\/photo-stories\/1124-curse-of-the-black-gold<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kashi, E. &amp; Watts, M. (2010) Curse of the black gold: the cost of oil exploitation (photo essay). <em>Mother Jones<\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/motherjones.com\/photoessays\/2008\/10\/curse-black-gold-niger-delta\">http:\/\/motherjones.com\/photoessays\/2008\/10\/curse-black-gold-niger-delta<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>kkskier7 (2008) Ed Kashi lecture (gallery&nbsp;review). <em>kkskier7.wordpress.com<\/em> 6 December (<a href=\"http:\/\/kkskier7.wordpress.com\/2008\/12\/06\/ed-kashi-lecture-gallery-review\/\">http:\/\/kkskier7.wordpress.com\/2008\/12\/06\/ed-kashi-lecture-gallery-review\/<\/a> last accessed 3 November 2010)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Knight, M. (2009) Photos capture plundering of Earth\u2019s resources.<em> CNN.com\/europe<\/em> 14 October (<a href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2009\/WORLD\/europe\/10\/13\/pictet.photos.shortlist.2009\/index.html#cnnSTCText\">http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2009\/WORLD\/europe\/10\/13\/pictet.photos.shortlist.2009\/index.html#cnnSTCText<\/a> last accessed 2 November 2010)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krist, E. (2008) When is objectivity not enough? <em>blogs.nationalgeographic.com <\/em>(<a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.nationalgeographic.com\/blogs\/photography\/fotoweekdc\/2008\/11\/when-is-objectivity-not-enough.html\">http:\/\/blogs.nationalgeographic.com\/blogs\/photography\/fotoweekdc\/2008\/11\/when-is-objectivity-not-enough.html<\/a> last accessed 3 November 2010)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lang, D.&nbsp;(2008) Photography books of 2008. <em>Photo district news<\/em> 3 November<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Laurent, O. (2010) VII Photo&#8217;s Ed Kashi: &#8220;We must change the way we consume&#8221;. <em>British journal of photography<\/em> 1 July (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bjp-online.com\/british-journal-of-photography\/q-and-a\/1720326\/vii-photos-ed-kashi-we-change-consume\">www.bjp-online.com\/british-journal-of-photography\/q-and-a\/1720326\/vii-photos-ed-kashi-we-change-consume<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>lazyboyz (2010) Curse of the Black Gold &#8211; Trailer, \u00a9Talking Eyes Media (comment).<em> YouTube.com<\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=HjhDH76BvCs\">http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=HjhDH76BvCs<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Meszarovits, M. (nd) Photojournalists and humanitarian photographers. <em>humanitarianphotos.com <\/em>(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.humanitarianphotos.com\/links.htm\">www.humanitarianphotos.com\/links.htm<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Meyer, J. (2010) Ed Kashi &#8211; AP Documentary &#8211; Delta Force.<em> Amateur photographer<\/em> 20 October (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amateurphotographer.co.uk\/features\/Ed_Kashi_talks_to_Jeff_Meyer_features_302970.html\">www.amateurphotographer.co.uk\/features\/Ed_Kashi_talks_to_Jeff_Meyer_features_302970.html<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ouvry, A. (2010) Curse of the black gold &#8211; Ed Kashi.<em> janera.com<\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/janera.com\/2010\/03\/18\/curse-of-the-black-gold-ed-kashi\/\">http:\/\/janera.com\/2010\/03\/18\/curse-of-the-black-gold-ed-kashi\/<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parslow, J. (2010) Re: CURSE OF THE BLACK GOLD: what&#8217;s really happening in the Niger Delta. <em>projectavalon.net <\/em>22 July (<a href=\"http:\/\/projectavalon.net\/forum4\/showthread.php?4205-CURSE-OF-THE-BLACK-GOLD-what-s-really-happening-in-the-Niger-Delta\">http:\/\/projectavalon.net\/forum4\/showthread.php?4205-CURSE-OF-THE-BLACK-GOLD-what-s-really-happening-in-the-Niger-Delta<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pulido, L. &amp; Barraclough, L. (2008) A People\u2019s Guide to Los Angeles &#8211; an experiment in popular geography.<em> Progress in human geography<\/em> 32(5), p.708-714<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rosen, S. (2008) Curse of the black gold: 50 years of oil in the Niger Delta. <em>powerhousebooks.com<\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.powerhousebooks.com\/curseoftheblackgold\/#book\">www.powerhousebooks.com\/curseoftheblackgold\/#book<\/a> last accessed 2 November 2010)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ryan, B. (2010) Ed Kashi: The curse of the black gold.<em> projectavalon.net&nbsp; <\/em>24 July (<a href=\"http:\/\/projectavalon.net\/lang\/en\/ed_kashi_curse_of_the_black_gold_en.html\">http:\/\/projectavalon.net\/lang\/en\/ed_kashi_curse_of_the_black_gold_en.html<\/a>&nbsp;last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SN (2010) Responses to \u2018The curse of the black gold\u2019. <em>vijana.fm <\/em>12 July (<a href=\"http:\/\/vijana.fm\/2010\/07\/09\/the-curse-of-the-black-gold\/\">http:\/\/vijana.fm\/2010\/07\/09\/the-curse-of-the-black-gold\/<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tomkins, W. (2008) good text and great photos (Curse of the Black Gold customer review). <em>Amazon.com<\/em> 31 March (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Curse-Black-Gold-Years-Niger\/product-reviews\/1576875474\/ref=cm_cr_dp_all_helpful?ie=UTF8&amp;showViewpoints=1&amp;sortBy=bySubmissionDateDescending\">www.amazon.com\/Curse-Black-Gold-Years-Niger\/product-reviews\/1576875474\/ref=cm_cr_dp_all_helpful?ie=UTF8&amp;showViewpoints=1&amp;sortBy=bySubmissionDateDescending<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Watts, M. (2004) \u2018Resource curse? Governmentality, oil and power in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. <em>Geopolitics<\/em> 9(1), 50-80<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Watts, M. (2008)<em> Sweet and sour.<\/em> University of California, Berkeley: Niger Delta economies of violence working paper series, no 18. (<a href=\"http:\/\/geography.berkeley.edu\/ProjectsResources\/ND%20Website\/NigerDelta\/WP\/18-Watts.pdf\">http:\/\/geography.berkeley.edu\/ProjectsResources\/ND%20Website\/NigerDelta\/WP\/18-Watts.pdf<\/a> last accessed 8 March 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Watts, M., Okonta, I., Kemedi, V. (2004) <em>Economics of Violence: Petroleum, Politics and Community Conflict in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. <\/em>Niger Delta Economies of Violence Working Papers, No. 1<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:19px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-small-font-size is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Image credit<\/summary>\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><strong>Speaking icon:<\/strong> Speaking (https:\/\/thenounproject.com\/icon\/speaking-5549886\/) by M Faisal from Noun Project (CC BY 3.0) Modified August 2024<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div><p id=\"pvc_stats_14341\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"14341\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 177 20 16 31 87 366 87 410 0 70 -86 122 -155 94z\"\/><path d=\"M1751 3234 c-13 -9 -29 -31 -37 -50 -12 -29 -10 -49 21 -204 19 -94 39 -189 45 -210 14 -50 54 -80 110 -80 34 0 48 6 76 34 21 21 34 44 34 59 0 14 -18 113 -40 219 -37 178 -43 195 -70 221 -36 32 -101 37 -139 11z\"\/><path d=\"M1163 3073 c-36 -7 -73 -59 -73 -102 0 -56 133 -378 171 -413 34 -32 83 -37 129 -13 70 36 67 87 -16 290 -86 209 -89 214 -129 231 -35 14 -42 15 -82 7z\"\/><path d=\"M3689 3066 c-15 -9 -33 -30 -42 -48 -48 -103 -147 -355 -147 -375 0 -98 131 -148 192 -74 13 15 57 108 97 206 80 196 84 226 37 273 -30 30 -99 39 -137 18z\"\/><path d=\"M583 2784 c-38 -19 -67 -74 -58 -113 9 -42 211 -354 242 -373 16 -10 45 -18 66 -18 51 0 107 52 107 100 0 39 -1 41 -124 234 -80 126 -108 162 -133 173 -41 17 -61 16 -100 -3z\"\/><path d=\"M4250 2784 c-14 -9 -74 -91 -133 -183 -95 -150 -107 -173 -107 -213 0 -55 33 -94 87 -104 67 -13 90 8 211 198 130 202 137 225 78 284 -27 27 -42 34 -72 34 -22 0 -50 -8 -64 -16z\"\/><path d=\"M2275 2693 c-553 -48 -1095 -270 -1585 -649 -135 -104 -459 -423 -483 -476 -23 -49 -22 -139 2 -186 73 -142 361 -457 571 -626 285 -228 642 -407 990 -497 242 -63 336 -73 660 -74 310 0 370 5 595 52 535 111 1045 392 1455 803 122 121 250 273 275 326 19 41 19 137 0 174 -41 79 -309 363 -465 492 -447 370 -946 591 -1479 653 -113 14 -422 18 -536 8z m395 -428 c171 -34 330 -124 456 -258 112 -119 167 -219 211 -378 27 -96 24 -300 -5 -401 -72 -255 -236 -447 -474 -557 -132 -62 -201 -76 -368 -76 -167 0 -236 14 -368 76 -213 98 -373 271 -451 485 -162 444 86 934 547 1084 153 49 292 57 452 25z m909 -232 c222 -123 408 -262 593 -441 76 -74 138 -139 138 -144 0 -16 -233 -242 -330 -319 -155 -123 -309 -223 -461 -299 l-81 -41 32 46 c18 26 49 83 70 128 143 306 141 649 -6 957 -25 52 -61 116 -79 142 l-34 47 45 -20 c26 -10 76 -36 113 -56z m-2057 25 c-40 -58 -105 -190 -130 -263 -110 -324 -59 -707 132 -981 25 -35 42 -64 37 -64 -19 0 -241 119 -326 174 -188 122 -406 314 -532 468 l-58 71 108 103 c185 178 428 349 672 473 66 33 121 60 123 61 2 0 -10 -19 -26 -42z\"\/><path d=\"M2375 1950 c-198 -44 -350 -190 -395 -379 -18 -76 -8 -221 19 -290 114 -284 457 -406 731 -260 98 52 188 154 231 260 27 69 37 214 19 290 -38 163 -166 304 -326 360 -67 23 -215 33 -279 19z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/followthethings.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>followthethings.comHome &amp; Auto &#8220;Curse Of The Black Gold: 50 Years Of Oil In The Niger Delta&#8220;A coffee-table book featuring the photos of Ed Kashi, edited by Michael Watts for Powerhouse.Video promotion embedded above. Preview &amp; borrow here. Search online to buy here. Photojournalist Ed Kashi visits the oilfields of the Niger Delta to document the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_14341\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"14341\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 177 20 16 31 87 366 87 410 0 70 -86 122 -155 94z\"\/><path d=\"M1751 3234 c-13 -9 -29 -31 -37 -50 -12 -29 -10 -49 21 -204 19 -94 39 -189 45 -210 14 -50 54 -80 110 -80 34 0 48 6 76 34 21 21 34 44 34 59 0 14 -18 113 -40 219 -37 178 -43 195 -70 221 -36 32 -101 37 -139 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